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Management Strategies to Mitigate Faecal Contamination Inferred from Analysis of Data from the Waikato Region

MAF Technical Paper No: 2002/15

Prepared for MAF Policy by Rob Collins, NIWA

ISBN No: 0-478-07695-9 
ISSN No: 1171-4662

December 2002

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Disclaimer

While every effort has been made to ensure the information in this publication is accurate, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry does not accept any responsibility or liability for error or fact omission, interpretation or opinion which may be present, nor for the consequences of any decisions based on this information.

Any view or opinions expressed to not necessarily represent the official view of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry.

The information in this report and any accompanying documentation is accurate to the best of the knowledge and belief of the Consultant acting on behalf of MAF Policy. While the Consultant has exercised all reasonable skill and care in the preparation of information in this report, neither the Consultant nor MAF Policy accept any liability in contract, tort or otherwise for any loss, damage, injury, or expense, whether direct, indirect or consequential, arising out of the provision of information in this report.

Requests for further copies should be directed to:

Publication Adviser MAF Information Bureau P O Box 2526 WELLINGTON

Telephone: (04) 894 0100 Facsimile: (04) 894 0720

This publication is also available on the MAF website at www.maf.govt.nz/publications 

© Crown Copyright - Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

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Contents

• Executive Summary
• 1. Introduction
• 2. Data Sources
  • 2.1 Watershed Derivation
  • 2.2 Slope Angle
  • 2.3 Land Use and Stock Density
  • 2.4 Soil Drainage
  • 2.5 Rainfall
  • 2.6 Effluent Discharges to Land
  • 2.7 Point Source discharges to Water
  • 2.8 Ponds
  • 2.9 Riparian data
• 3. Water Quality Monitoring Data
  • 3.1 E.coli concentrations
  • 3.2 Turbidity
• 4. Relationships between environmental factors and faecal contamination
  • 4.1 Intra-Site Variability
    • 4.1.1 Flow and Turbidity
    • 4.1.2 Seasonality
  • 4.2 Inter-Site Variability
    • 4.2.1 Livestock
    • 4.2.2 Forest and Non-pastoral Vegetation
    • 4.2.3 Soil Drainage
    • 4.2.4 Wetlands and Inland Water
    • 4.2.5 Rainfall
    • 4.2.6 Slope and Catchment Area
    • 4.2.7 Urban Area
    • 4.2.8 Point Source Discharges
    • 4.2.9 Effluent Discharges to Land
    • 4.2.10 Ponds
    • 4.2.11 Turbidity
• 5. Development of statistical models
• 6. Management Implications
• 7. Conclusions
• 8. Acknowledgements
• 9. References
• PDF version [PDF  1.0M ]

Contact for Enquiries

MAF Information Services
Pastoral House
25 The Terrace
PO Box 2526
Wellington, NEW ZEALAND

Fax: +64 4 894 0721
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