An Assessment of The Significance To New Zealand Of Article 3.4 Activities Under The Kyoto Protocol
Table of Contents
- An Assessment of The Significance To New Zealand Of Article 3.4 Activities Under The Kyoto Protocol
- Executive Summary
- The issues
- New Zealand's situation
- The dominant carbon stock changes
- Data, analysis and accounting requirements
- Full carbon accounting?
- Summary table: Carbon stocks and their changes for relevant land system classes in biomass and soil (to 30 cm depth).
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Uncertainties in above- and below-ground carbon stocks
- 3 Forest management
- 3.1 Specific activities considered, and effects not covered
- 3.2 Effects on non-CO2 greenhouse gases
- 3.3 Definitional issues
- 3.4 Socio-economic factors influencing the activities considered
- 3.5 Applicability of a land-based accounting system
- 3.6 What data, publications and reviews are available
- 3.7 Sampling techniques and issues
- 3.8 What process models are available to complement data
- Figure 3.2. Annual sequestration - total plantation estate, new land planting
- Table 3.1. Change in above-ground carbon stocks of plantation forests (TgC) using the medium scenario of new-land planting
- Table 3.2. Estimated 1990 Carbon stocks and Recent Trends for Managed Forest Land
- Table 3.3 Change in carbon stocks of plantation forests over the Commitment Period
- 3.12 Data and research needed to reduce uncertainties
- 4 Cropland management
- 4.1 Specific activities considered, and effects not covered
- 4.2 Effects on non-CO2 greenhouse gases
- 4.3 Definitional issues
- 4.4 Socio-economic factors influencing the activities considered
- 4.5 Applicability of a land-based accounting system
- 4.6 What data, publications and reviews are available
- Figure 4.1. Changes in total organic carbon under increasing cropping time, in the topsoil depth (0 - 0.2 m).
- Figure 4.2. Changes in total carbon in the topsoil (0 - 0.2 m) of the Kairanga silty clay loam under increasing cropping time and conversion back to pasture.
- 4.7 Sampling techniques and issues
- 4.8 What process models are available to complement data
- 4.9 What regional and national scale inventories are available
- Table 4.1. Estimated 1990 Carbon stocks and Recent Trends for Cropland Estimated for 1990
- 4.11 Projections for the first commitment period where feasible
- 4.12 Data and research needed to reduce uncertainties
- 5 Grazing land management
- 5.1 Specific activities considered, and effects not covered
- 5.2 Effects on non-CO2 greenhouse gases
- Table 5.1. Changes in New Zealand livestock population, and livestock emissions of nitrous oxide and methane calculated using IPCC method based on NZ excretion and emission rates for each category of animal.
- 5.3 Definitional issues
- 5.4 Socio-economic factors influencing the activities considered
- 5.5 Applicability of a land-based accounting system
- 5.6 What data, publications and reviews are available
- 5.7 Sampling techniques and issues
- 5.9 What regional and national scale inventories are available
- 5.10 What is known of 1990 carbon stocks and current trends
- Table 5.4. Estimated 1990 Carbon stocks and Recent Trends for Grazing Estimated for 1990
- 5.11 Projections for the first commitment period where feasible
- 5.12 Data and research needed to reduce uncertainties
- 6 Land reverting to natural vegetation
- 6.1 Specific activities considered, and effects not covered
- 6.2 Effects on non-CO2 greenhouse gases
- 6.3 Definitional issues
- 6.4 Socio-economic factors influencing the activities considered
- 6.5 Applicability of a land-based accounting system
- 6.6 What data, publications and reviews are available
- 6.7 Sampling techniques and issues
- 6.8 What process models are available to complement data
- 6.9 What regional and national scale inventories are available
- 6.10 What is known of 1990 carbon stocks and current trends
- Table 6.1. Estimated 1990 Carbon stocks and Recent Trends for Land Reverting to Natural Vegetation (Scrubland)
- 6.11 Projections for the first commitment period where feasible
- 6.12 Data and research needed to reduce uncertainties
- 7 Other relevant activities
- 7.1 The accounting approach: "Net - Net" vs "Gross - Net"
- Table 7.1. Annual net sequestration (5-year average) by scenario Scenario
- 7.2 The Harvested Wood Product pool
- 7.3 Human-induced changes in indigenous forest estate
- Table 7.2. Estimated carbon stocks and changes in carbon stocks for indigenous forest land
- 7.4 Erosion
- 7.5 Towards full carbon accounting
- 7.6 Soil as a sink for atmospheric methane
- 8 References
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